Chapter 11: Thermodynamics
NCERT Class 11 Physics, Part II, Chapter 11. 6 lessons, 14 narrated 3D videos, 6 simulations and 12 quiz questions, following the textbook section by section.
- Thermal equilibrium and the zeroth lawPut a pressure cooker on the stove. Heat flows in, the water boils, steam builds up, and the whistle is lifted. Heat has turned into work.
- Heat, work and the first lawZoom into a gas in a cylinder. Its molecules fly about at random, collide, and pull on each other a little. Each one has kinetic energy and some potential energy.
- Specific heats and state variablesHeat an iron tawa and a pot of water on identical burners for one minute. The tawa gets far hotter. Different substances need different amounts of heat for the same rise…
- Thermodynamic processesSlam a piston into a cylinder of gas. Near the piston the gas is squeezed and hot, while the far end has not even noticed yet. For a moment the gas has no single…
- The second law and reversibilityA cup of hot chai left on the table cools down to room temperature. Have you ever seen a cup of chai at room temperature heat itself up by cooling the room? Never.
- The Carnot engineAn engine works between a hot reservoir at T₁ and a cold one at T₂. The second law says it can never turn all the heat into work. So what is the best it can possibly do?